Nurses and Technology

Nurses who do task in Hospital and other Health Care Provider still use record patients in paper- based. It can not be avoided especially in remote area as a reason of limitation of installation and Internet connection also few of computers instrument in Health Care Provider made many Nurses more paper-based useful then other new technology such as use computers record.

Technology will be helpful to nurses task if it programmed and integrated to nurses condition so it will be make nurses do their job more effectively and quick, but if the technology it does not matching with the nurses activities it will be waste time and make nurses do double activities. Such several commentator according to this topic Nursing faces a critical shortage of the right technology which Published December 16, 2005 By Dr .Bill Crounse, M.D. They discuss with Nurse to implemented PC technology to assist Nurses task in Hospital. In the general Nurses agree to using Technology to help their job completely well and accurate without any difficulty running their activities. For complete article you can follow this link.

Nurse debate VS Doctor

Lately in many website, blog comments found so many negative criticism who addresses to NURSES. A number of criticism speak to Nursing Competency and competition of a profession between Doctor and Nurse especially in Indonesia. Why it's a matter? We acknowledge doctor is old profession who as a Nurse reference and it's true that the Nurse science most is same. The different is time of study and curriculum of study, if medicines finished that graduated till 7 years even 10 years but Nurse is packet study for 3 years(Diploma III) and 4 years (Bachelor of Nursing)till 6 years to get NERS it mean that Development of Nursing is going process.

I feel the debate between doctor and Nurse are be waste time and will be worse the Health Care Indonesia image. We have to study from other country such as US, British, Australia. there is no any Debate doctor VS Nurse in that countries so why it happen in Indonesia?

In US or other countries Nurse and doctor is good partner to build network team with one goal is doing best services to patient, but in Indonesia it's so grateful when still debate always running. We know Nurse is new generation it's mean still need more study and research to improve nursing to become professional, of course need any Health Partner to be support especially doctor. If doctor always blaming to Nurses we know Nurse will not come to professional.

Positive debate is well and will improve any profession,but negative debate is nothing. Indonesia Nursing at that moment is going process to increase level competency. Did you know nursing history in Indonesia, starting in SPK (Sekolah Perawat kesehatan/ school of nursing) as a level senior high school then change to Diploma Of Nursing and bachelor of nursing and lately master of nursing also available. Alteration of study proofed that nursing elevate their skill to become professional. In every work system even in Health care provider needed Team Work, there is no single job will be completely done, so let's to build best Team Work if we want to number one, there is no king lonely will be set up their empire, but succes of their empire is working together.

Health Tips For Ramadhan

Today the most muslim community in the world performing fasting day. fasting day is the day that we are not eat and drink anything as a whole day, so we have to be prepare energy from night before imsak (the warning time that eat and drink must be stop and it is innitialy fasting day must go on).

To keep our body always health we have to take healthy food and drink fresh water is more benefite than other drinking like cofe ,tea. Tea it increase your urine output product so it will easy to loss you electrolite and making your body going to weak and fatigue, so then you have to choise what the best food for your daily activities. Ifound best article from here, so please read don't leave it, Click here to the article you have to read

When Indonesia Nurses Getting salary equal with other country

Indonesia Nurses on August 6,2008 going to Japan and nurses will be pay with salary rate$2000-2500. This is a good news for all people in Indonesia but the question is why so many nurses going abroad? I think is simple answer is Salary. Yeah, salary is still problem especially for nurses in Indonesia, even other reason for example to improve nursing study or even other, but number one is SALARY who many nurses going abroad.

Many nursing graduate imagine to be work in other country such as in Middle east, Europe,Australia,USA,Malaysia,Japan because money, why Indonesia nursing will be pay less than its country even 10 time less for example if you are graduate from diploma III you will be pay at range $90-100, Bachelor of Nursing will be pay $100-200. It is reality so it can not cover your monthly expenses even only for primary necessary than what do you thing?

So that way when there is agency announce many nursing vacancy to be go to abroad so many nurses will be join and come for participant to struggle with other nursing in order to get chance work. It will be attract question when Indonesia nurses will be get salary as much as nursing in own country (Indonesia)? some time nursing who work in hospital getting wage less than minimum wage standard, because nurse is not under ministry of labor that have regulation to determine minimum wage standard, so nurses will be follow depend on hospital host or Health care Provider profit. If the Health care Provider is good finance so nurses will be get good wage, but if the Health Care Provider is bad finance of course nurses will be pay less than Regional Standard Wage.

It will be take concern for government to make standard salary for who Health Care Provider hiring nurses must follow to the life standard, so nurses will be life well and they can giving best service to patiens.

Nurses Resignation Procedure In Kuwait

Do you want to be resign? Yeah, I just want to share my experience to do resign as a Nurses work in Kuwait Ministry of Health (MOH).This month I,m so tired because of my resignation procedure, but Alhamdullilah, even the long event procedure was passed. I,m a nurse who worked in Clinic of Deportation Center ( Ebaad Jail) under Ministry of Interior Kuwait. I have been worked 3 years already and have been resigned on early of November 2007.

This is my first experience as a nurse as long as 10 years. Work as a nurse in the jail so interesting and getting different experience than other Health Care provider such as the normal hospital, clinics and others even the work procedure is almost similar. I can not forget the experience so horrible and interesting.

The first time really i,m so scare when my matron posted me to be work in Central Prison Hospital. How I can imagine, working in the jail, ohh, I thought that Jail so life condition like in Wild World. The people are so cruel, impolite, no hospitality, not friendly, liar and so on. Yeah, Jail Living is almost same with community out site, some prisoner is having bad attitude, impolite, cruel and other even like that many prisoner is so respect to Nurses.

After several month later, working in the jail is enjoy, we can meet so many different people character made me recognize distinguish who is really prisoner with pure doing crime and people who as a victim only of unfair condition, even like that we are nurse who care to all prisoner without making different care. Yeah, this is brief of my experience as long as work in the Jail.

I continue about Nurses Resignation Procedure, just follow to steps of this procedure below:

1. Please write request resignation letter to your Matron at least 3 months previously.
2. Your matron maybe recommended to you to taking annual leave before resign or not, but as my experience I suppose you to taking leave before going to process your resign, because it will be help you to do resign early.
3. After your request was approved by Matron, then your request resignation letter sent already to ministry please follow up to Ministry of Health (MOH) after month in Resignation section and ask about your file, but before you are going to ministry please taking reference number file of your request resignation letter from your hospitals or clinics, ask to secretary of your nursing department. This reference number is very important to avoid difficulty problem in ministry, because if you bring the reference number the resignation officer will help you what to do to checking your file is ready in ministry in the right please.
4. After your file was collected in resignation section, then the resignation section officer encourage you to starting clearance letter to Ministry of Communication (in shuwaikh near the Gulf Bank, enter inside and ask to officer, but my experience they suppose me to go to building number 8 in the same area), ministry of electricity and water (South syura opposite with Civil ID building, first floor), Your Bank, Ministry of Interior in Farwaniyah (in crime section building, 8th floor) opposite Seer Center Farwaniyah, Housing ( Each Fawas of your building residency), then last is Hospital Clearance.

Above are 4 steps you have be completed, but what you have to do to complete your resignation process? I will guide you so you will getting clear information before you are going to process your resign, please follow me:

1. Please do clearance to Ministry of communication, you just need showing your Civil ID, the they will process around 1 minute finish.
2. Please go to Ministry of Electricity and Water, same procedure just need your civil ID, they will process few minute finish.
3. Go to your Bank, they need also Civil ID and your Bank Account Number, if you have credit card , better you have to close or pay off your credit card 2 months before you are submit your resignation letter, because credit card it will take time till 2 months for clearance otherwise you will get problem later.
4. Go to Ministry of Interior, just need Civil ID and coror letter (your resignation letter, this letter given by resignation section).
5. Housing, you have to come to your Fawas area which building you are stay and you must accompanied by your flat residence as a witnesses and bring also your key room to endorsed to your Fawas.
6. Hospital, you have request to your Head Nurse notice that you have not any inventory in your Hospital Workplace and forwarded to your Matron.

Sorry, I dont have time enough, because I have to prepare my travel property, I will continue when I reach in Idonesia, ok, see you then.

Why Nurses is pay less than other Professional, Even Health Partnership?

Nurse is profession who save to patient of live. In daily activity nurses are 24 hours companions patient in care well-being. Nurses is front line profession who have high risk of accident or even getting prefer transferable disease from patient through by many body material such as blood specimens, fluid specimens, injection accident, Musculosceletal disorder, HNP (back pain), stress and so on.

Nurses who work in emergency room and Intensive Care Unit Ward perform heavy emotional stress job and risk of injury even they did not think care to their safety because most of their activities to safe of patient live first. It is a describing Nurses in the daily activities. If we compare with other health partnership like doctor, pharmacist, radiologist, Laboratory technician Nurses are more stressful than others.

The problem is even nurses have so many activities with high risk but they did not get good rewarding. Nurses in many country always getting low pay scale salary than other professional. Nurses wages In many Asian country such as Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, China are getting less salary even they can not cover the monthly expenditure and sometimes to cover they necessary they taking loan. This is a dilemma because Nurses is honor profession but they employer or even government did not care with Nurses welfare.

To increase nurses earning some nurses taking master even doctor, but the educational expenses is not questionable reward. Nurses currently is not only doctor second hand, with nurses skill and master education are same with doctor, even some nurses more skillful in several area like emergency room, Intensive Care Unit, all linked training that they taking so nurses can do to save of patient live without waiting doctor order.

EPISTAXIS

Have you ever been experienced with nose bleeding? We know most of people in the life cycle ever had experienced nose bleeding or in medical term is EPISTAXIS. Epistaxis is bleeding condition in your nose who make your nose running fresh blood if bleeding overload sometimes blood to become clot and stuff of your nose. This situation is uncomfortable and very interrupt to your daily activities.

Nose bleeding can occur spontaneously when the nasal membranes dry out, crust, and crack, as is common in dry climates, or during the winter months when the air is dry and warm from household heaters. Some people who suffering nose bleeding caused by taking any medications which prevent blood clotting such as for patient who have heart problem or hypertension is more vulnerable. Common Medicine cause bleeding in a perifer are Caumadin, Warfarin, Aspirin or any anti-inflamatory medications.

Other medicines cause, nose bleeding caused by many problems as a following are:

1. Chronic Sinusitis
   
2. Epistaxis digitorum (nose picking)
   
3. Foreign Bodies
   
4. Intranasal Neoplasm or polyps
   
5. Irritants (cigarette smoke)
   
6. Rhinitis
   
7. Septal Deviation
   
8. Septal perforation
   
9. Trauma
   
10. Vascular Malformation or telangiectasia
    
11. Hemophilia
    
12. Hypertension
    
13. Lekukemia
    
14. Liver Disease (e.g, cirhrosis)
    
15. Medication (e.g, aspirin, anticoagulants)
    
16. Thrombocytopenia
    
17. Platelet dysfunction

What Will You Do If You Got Nose Bleeding?
If you got nose bleeding you have to conduct as a following:

1. Have the person with the nosebleed sit down and lean forward so the blood does not flow down the respiratory passage.
   
2. Press a tissue or cold compress against the nostrils below the bone to encourage clotting.
   
3. Have the person with the nosebleed keep his or her nostrils pinched together for 15 minutes without letting go.
   
4. Replace the tissue or compress with a new one if it becomes soaked with blood.
   
5. Leave a bowl next to the person so that he or she can spit out any blood that drips down their throat.
   
6. Remove the tissue or compress slowly. If bleeding persists, continue pinching the nose for another 5 minutes.
   
7. After bleeding stops, wash away any blood with warm water. Apply a small amount of petroleum jelly inside the nostrils to moisturize the area.
   
8. Make sure the person does not sniff or blow the nose for several hours afterward, as this could cause another nosebleed.
   
9. If the nosebleed originates in the back of the nose and does not respond to treatment, seek medical attention. This type of nosebleed, called a "posterior" nosebleed, is common in older people and potentially very serious.
   
10. Visit a doctor or an emergency room immediately if bleeding does not stop or if the patient is weak, pale or experiencing an elevated heart rate. Keep the patient leaning forward with the nose pinched on the way to the doctor's office or hospital.

Management Epistaxis

Pancreatitis

Most of people in the life time ever fell pain in stomach area even sometimes severe pain and need doctor to giving treatment for it. Some doctor may be wil give you treatment or medication related with your stomach problem. Stomach pain is not merely problem with stomach itself. Many dissease can cause pain in stomach area, some of them are Heart disease (miocardiac infarct), Appendicittis chronic, pancreatitis and some abdominal problem.

I have experience with my son, he has a long time before complaint pain in stomach area then doctor examined and suppose to do ultrasound, after coming result then doctor diagnosed that my son was getting gastritis. After taking gastric medication my son will be felling well, but after 3 month later my son complained again that he fell painfull in stomach area again following fever, nausea. His temperatue was increase till 38,8 o Celcius. I was getting worry about that.
Then my wife bring my son to see surgery doctor for examine anything worst with my son, because we are worry if my son develop appendicitis acute. Surgery doctor suppose to my wife to do ultrasound and the result is my son was diagnosted pancreatitis and doctor was gave some medication to my son till my son felling well.

yeah, this is the true condition is pain in stomach is not only error with the stomach itself, so you have to take care and more responsive about that. Pancreatitis is pancreas is infected so make pancreas getting infection. Symptom and sign that your pancreas is infected are a following below:

• swollen and tender abdomen
  
• nausea
  
• vomiting
  
• fever more than 38 o Celcius
  
• rapid pulse

Pancreatitis in Children

Actually Chronic pancreatitis is rare in children. Trauma to the pancreas and hereditary pancreatitis are two known causes of childhood pancreatitis. Children with cystic fibrosis, a progressive, disabling, and incurable lung disease, may also have pancreatitis. But more often the cause is not known.

Diagnosis

To make diagnosis may be difficult, but new techniques can help. Pancreatic function tests help a doctor decide whether the pancreas is still making enough digestive enzymes. Using ultrasonic imaging, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and CAT scans, a doctor can see problems indicating chronic pancreatitis. Such problems include calcification of the pancreas, in which tissue hardens from deposits of insoluble calcium salts. In more advanced stages of the disease, when diabetes and malabsorption occur, a doctor can use a number of blood, urine, and stool tests to help diagnose chronic pancreatitis and to monitor its progression.

Treatment

Relieving pain is the first step in treating chronic pancreatitis and may be doctor will give pancreatic enzyme to help pancreas function. The next step is to plan a diet that is high in carbohydrates and low in fat.

Source:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK.NIH)

What Is Parkinson Disease

Every body desire to keep their life time to be healthy forever without suffering any disability nor disease. To keep their body health a number of people doing healthy activities such as sport, playing foot ball, volley ball, physical exercise, going to gym, swim and others. In other hand they do to their life style forward healthy like taking healthy food, drink, and routine visit to doctor or any other health provider for check up or just health consulting.

Even though we 100% had protected to our self but sometimes we still got illness or disability from unpredictable caused. We can not prevent many disease nor injury even we have been maximized effort. Some degenerative disease still drop to our body even we do best of healthy life related to aging ages.

Many degenerative diseases like Diabetes Mellitus, Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis , Alzheimer's , Parkinson. Most of degenerative disease cause of lack of function of body part such as nerve, bone, inner body part. One of degenerative disease is Parkinson. Parkinson's disease is degenerative syndroma in central nervous system which affecting to motor skill and speech functions.

The initially symptoms and sign are Trembling of hands, arms, legs, jaw and face, rigidity, and slowness in initiation movement, Poor balance and coordination. The early sign and symptom more clear prominent if people before have high mobility previously as a golf player, volly ball player, Gymnastic exercise which those dexterity of their activities are going to decrease so make affect to less of graping something, low of handling, dressing, or climbing stairs.

If you are feeling unwell and you have experienced symptoms and sign above I suppose you to visit to your doctor to check you Body Health for possibility suffering from PARKINSON DISEASE.

Know Your Blood Cholesterol

In the life time no body want to get get sick. They need that their life is always keep a way from any sick, but sometimes human being unable to keep their body a way always health as many reason such illness caused by intern and extern factors. The extern factors like accident, injury or many infection diseases caused by environmental factors influences to their body healthy.

Internal factors such as psychologist, biologist imbalance, food style claimed play to lead many death disease one of them is Heart Disease. Heart Disease is still rank in the top position death disease in the world. Number of deaths for leading causes of death could be mentioned by categories as follow:

• Heart disease: 654,092
  
• Cancer: 550,270
  
• Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 150,147
  
• Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 123,884
  
• Accidents (unintentional injuries): 108,694
  
• Diabetes: 72,815
  
• Alzheimer's disease: 65,829
  
• Influenza/Pneumonia: 61,472
  
• Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis: 42,762
  
• Septicemia: 33,464

Sources N C H S - FASTATS - Leading Causes of Death and Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2004, tables 7.

What Heart Disease Causes?
Major Risk Factors

• High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
  
• High Blood Cholesterol
  
• Diabetes
  
• Obesity and Overweight
  
• Smoking
  
• Physical Inactivity
  
• Gender
  
• Heredity
  
• Age

Contributing Risk Factors

• Stress
  
• Sex hormones
  
• Birth control pills
  
• Alcohol

From all factors above Cholesterol was claimed as common leading causes Heart Attack. Cholesterol Level in your blood must be control so always Normal or near normal then to keep your Blood Cholesterol always normal you have to manage your food pattern and food style, below many food you to pay attention eat so make your life keep a way from Heart Disease you have to be follow and obey it.

Here the list of food consist of high cholesterol you have to be concern as folowing are:

Food	Serving Size	Cholesterol Level
Boiled Egg	1	225 mg
Cream Cheese	1OZ	27 mg
Cheddar Cheese	1OZ	19 mg
Butter	3.5OZ	250 mg
Lamb	3.5OZ	70 mg
Beefsteak	3.5OZ	70 mg
Chicken	3.5OZ	60 mg
Kidney, Beef	3.5OZ	375 mg
Liver, Beef	3.5OZ	300 mg
Ice Cream	3.5OZ	45 mg
Sponge Cake	3.5OZ	260 mg

In other hand you have to be understanding also about your Cholesterol Normal Level as a following mentioned below:

Total cholesterol

• Desirable: Less than 4.14 millimoles per litre (mmol/L) or Less than 160 milligrams per decilitre (mg/dL).
• Borderline high: 4.15–6.19 mmol/L or 160–240 mg/dL
• High:6.2 mmol/L or higher or 240 mg/dL or higher

HDL cholesterol

• High (desirable):More than 1.56 mmol/L or More than 60 mg/dL>
• Acceptable: 1.04–1.56 mmol/L or 40–60 mg/dL
• Low (undesirable):Less than 1.04 mmol/L or Less than 40 mg/dL

Total cholesterol-to-HDL ratio

• Desirable: 6:1 or less
• Undesirable: More than 6:1

LDL cholesterol

• Optimal: Less than 2.5 mmol/L (less than 2.0 mmol/L if you also have diabetes) or Less than 96 mg/dL
• Near optimal: 2.6–3.5 mmol/L or 100–135 mg/dL
• Borderline high: 3.6–4.0 mmol/L or 135–159 mg/dL
• High: 4.1–4.9 mmol/L or 160–189 mg/dL
• Very high: 5 mmol/L or higher or 190 mg/dL or higher

Triglycerides

• Normal: Less than 1.7 mmol/L
• Moderately high: 1.7 to 6.0 mmol/L
• Very high: 6.0 mmol/L

Sources condensed from www.bchealthguide.org

Nursing Online Degree

Do you still Diploma of nursing, LPN (Licensed Practical Nurse),LVN (Licensed Vocational Nurse) and curently you already have nursing job so you have plan to continuing to RN (Register Nurse) nor BSN (Bachelor In Nursing) or other nursing course without stopped your salary income. To day many nursing college and university online provide to you to help who any nurses want to go to nursing college such as RN nor BSN even Master of nursing without left your job.

They required to be register and enrolled you to their Nursing College without attended to classroom. Everything you wil do online. You may need only submitted and to be following nursing study online that they are perform through by internet. The following Universities list provide to you to lead your nursing career in the future. List of Online Universities as a following are:

1. niversity of Phoenix

They do nursing upgarade as well as you want with including:


• RN to B.S. in Nursing
  
• B.S. in Health Administration
  
• B.S. in Human Services/Management
  
• M.S. in Nursing

University of phoenix perform nursing undergraduate and graduate in 2 to 3 years, so it will be helpfull to you to achive you nursing future career.


2. Keiser College

Keiser College's online degree programs are offered one class at a time in a personal, student-centered environment.


• A.S. in Medical Assisting
  
• RN to BS in Nursing
  
• Associate in Health Services Administration
  
• B.A. in Health Services Administration


3. indiana state university

Indiana State University offers LPN/LVN'sprogram.

• LPN/LVN to BSN Nursing Degree.
  
• RN to BSN Nursing Degree


4. kaplan University

Kaplan University's online nursing programs let you to get your nursing study any time, any where to improve your nursing knowledge with profesional teacher. They done they program online nursing as a below:


• RN to B.S. in Nursing
  
• Forensic Nursing Certificate
  
• Case Management Certificate
  
• Life Care Planning Certificate
  
• Legal Nurse Consulting Certificate
  
• Geriatric Care Management Certificate


5. Grand Canyon University

Bring your nursig career with Grand Canyon University. They have so many nursing program online including are:


• RN to BS in Nursing
  
• BS in Business Admin.
  
• MBA in Health Systems Mgmt.
  
• MBA and MS in Leadership (Dual Degree)


6. National American University Online

They do Quality accredited education is accessible 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, locally, nationally and globally through National American University's (NAU) distance learning program.


• Online RN-to-BSN
  
• B.A. Health Care Management
  


7. Florida Hospital College of Health Sciences

Florida Hospital College of Health Sciences - Earn your degree at homeand and the rewards at work.


• RN to BS in Nursing


8. Walden University

Lead your career RN to MSN degree and BSN to MSN degrees available online in Walden University. They have other program also are:


• Master's in Nursing (RN - MSN)
  
• Master's in Nursing (BSN - MSN)
  
• M.S. in Nursing/Education
  
• M.S. in Nursing (BSN - MSN)- Management and Leadership
  
• Master's in Nursing (RN - MSN)- Leadership and Management
  
• Master of Public Health - Community Health
  
• (M.B.A.) - Health Care Management


9. University of Cincinnati

The University of Cincinnati's on-campus programs, reputation, and support with the flexibility of online studies Nursing. Lead your Masters in Nursing Degree Online.


M.S. in Nursing/Nurse Midwifery

• M.S. in Nursing/Women's Health Nurse Practitioner
  
• B.S. in Clinical Laboratory Science
  
• B.S. in Health Information Management
  
• Masters in Education - Education Leadership


10. Loyola University New Orlean

The Loyola University New Orleans bringing Your MSN Degree Online From A Top Ranked University While You Work


• Masters in Nursing - Health Care Systems Management Degree


11. Norwich University School of Nursing Online

They Over 186 years of academic heritage and the highest form of accreditation a university can receive.

• Master of Science in Nursing

myonlinenursingdegree

First Aids Of Burn

Burn is something condition made people doing wrong when the accident occured. It make confuse to anywho geeting burn so you have to be understand how to do and how to help to the victim, why? because if you don't understand it will make worst to the victim even you will geeting serious problem also if burn stiil on.

Management for burn as immediate action are:

1. “Stop, Drop, and Roll” to smother flames.
   
2. Try to remove all burned clothing. If clothing adheres to the skin, cut or tear around burned area.
   
3. Try to remove all jewelry, belts, tight clothing, etc., from over the burned areas and from around the victim’s neck. This is very important; burned areas swell immediately.

State of burns
First-Degree Burns

First-degree burns involve the top layer of skin.
Signs:

• Red colour
  
• Very painful to touch
  
• Skin will show mild swelling

Treatment:

• Apply cool, wet compresses, or immerse in cool, fresh water. Continue until pain subsides.
  
• Cover the burn with a sterile, non-adhesive bandage or clean cloth.
  
• Do not use ointments or butter to burn; these may cause infection.
  
• Over-the-counter pain medications may be used to help relieve pain and reduce inflammation.
  
• The first degree burns usually heal without further treatment. However, if a first-degree burn covers a large area of the body, or the victim is an infant or elderly, seek emergency medical attention.

Second-Degree Burns
Second-degree burns involve the first two layers of skin.

Signs:

• Deep reddening of the skin
  
• Pain
  
• Come to blisters
  
• Glossy appearance from leaking fluid
  
• Possible loss of some skin

Treatment:

• Immerse in fresh, cool water, or apply cool compresses. Continue for 10 to 15 minutes.
  
• Dry with clean cloth and cover with sterile gauze.
  
• Do not break blisters.
  
• Do not apply ointments or butter to burns; these may cause infection
  
• Take steps to prevent shock: lay the victim flat, elevate the feet about 12 inches, and cover the victim with a coat or blanket. Do not place the victim in the shock position if a head, neck, back, or leg injury is suspected, or if it makes the victim uncomfortable.
  
• Further medical treatment is required. Do not attempt to treat serious burns unless you are a trained health professional.

Third-Degree Burns
A third-degree burn penetrates the entire thickness of the skin and permanently destroys tissue.

Signs:

• Loss of skin layers
  
• Often painless. (Pain may be caused by patches of first- and second-degree burns which often surround third-degree burns).
  
• Skin is dry and leathery
  
• Skin may appear charred or have patches which appear white, brown or black

Treatment:

• Cover burn lightly with sterile gauze or clean cloth. (Do not use material that can leave lint on the burn).
  
• Do not apply ointments or butter to burns; these may cause infection
  
• Take steps to prevent shock: lay the victim flat, elevate the feet about 12 inches.
  
• Elevate burned area higher than the victim’s head when possible. Keep person warm and comfortable, and watch for signs of shock.
  
• Do not place a pillow under the victim’s head if the person is lying down and there is an airway burn. This can close the airway.
  
• Immediate medical attention is required. Do not attempt to treat serious burns unless you are a trained health professional.

Sources and condenced